MARPOL Regulation on NOx

Abhilash Mohan August 24, 2021

Application:

               This Regulation comes under MARPOL Annex VI, Chapter 3 - Requirements for the Control of Emissions from Ships, Regulation 13.

Paragraph 1.1: 

This Regulation shall apply to:

  1. Each Marine Diesel Engine with a power output of more than 130 kW installed on a ship; and 
  2. Each Marine Diesel Engine with a power output of more than 130 kW that undergoes a major conversion on or after 1 January 2000 except when demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Administration that such engine is an identical replacement to the engine that it is replacing and is otherwise not covered under Paragraph 1.1.1 of this regulation. 

Paragraph 1.2: 

This Regulation shall not apply to:

  1. Marine Diesel Engine intended to be used solely for emergencies, or solely to power any device or equipment intended to be used solely for emergencies on the ship on which it is installed, or a marine diesel engine installed in lifeboats intended to be used solely for emergencies; and 
  2. A Marine Diesel Engine installed on a ship solely engaged in voyages within waters subject to the sovereignty or jurisdiction of the State the flag of which the ship is entitled to fly, provided that such engine is subject to an alternative NOx control measure established by the Administration. 


Paragraph 1.3: 

Notwithstanding the provisions of Paragraph 1.1 of this Regulation, the Administration may provide an exclusion from the application of this regulation for any Marine Diesel Engine that is installed on a ship constructed, or for any marine diesel engine that undergoes a major conversion, before 19 May 2005, provided that the ship on which the engine is installed is solely engaged in voyages to ports or offshore terminals within the State the flag of which the ship is entitled to fly. 

Major Conversion:

Paragraph 2.1: 

For the purpose of this regulation, major conversion means a modification on or after 1 January 2000 of a Marine Diesel Engine that has not already been certified to the standards outlined in Tier I, Tier II and Tier III of this regulation where:  
  1. The engine is replaced by a Marine Diesel Engine or an additional Marine Diesel Engine is installed, or 
  2. Any substantial modification, as defined in the revised NOx Technical Code 2008, is made to the engine, or 
  3. The maximum continuous rating of the engine is increased by more than 10% compared to the maximum continuous rating of the original certification of the engine. 

Paragraph 2.2: 

  • For a major conversion involving the replacement of a Marine Diesel Engine with a non-identical Marine Diesel Engine, or the installation of an additional Marine Diesel Engine, the standards in this regulation at the time of the replacement or addition of the engine shall apply. 

  • In the case of replacement engines only, if it is not possible for such a replacement engine to meet the standards outlined in Paragraph 5.1.1 of this Regulation (Tier III, as applicable), then that replacement engine shall meet the standards outlined in Paragraph 4 of this Regulation (Tier II), taking into account guidelines developed by the Organization footnote. 


Paragraph 2.3: 

A Marine Diesel Engine referred to in Paragraph 2.1.2 or 2.1.3 of this Regulation shall meet the following standards:
  1. For ships constructed before 1 January 2000, the standards outlined in paragraph 3 of this regulation shall apply; and 
  2. For ships constructed on or after 1 January 2000, the standards in force at the time the ship was constructed shall apply. 

Tier I:

Paragraph 3: 

The operation of a Marine Diesel Engine that is installed on a ship constructed on or after 1 January 2000 and before 1 January 2011 is prohibited, except when the emission of nitrogen oxides (calculated as the total weighted emission of NO2) from the engine is within the following limits, where n = rated engine speed (crankshaft revolutions per minute): 
    1. 17.0 g/kWh when n is less than 130 rpm; 
    2. 45 *n ^(-0.2) g/kWh when n is 130 or more but less than 2,000 rpm; 
    3. 9.8 g/kWh when n is 2,000 rpm or more. 


Tier II:

Paragraph 4: 

The operation of a Marine Diesel Engine that is installed on a ship constructed on or after 1 January 2011 is prohibited, except when the emission of nitrogen oxides (calculated as the total weighted emission of NO2) from the engine is within the following limits, where n = rated engine speed (crankshaft revolutions per minute): 
    1. 14.4 g/kWh when n is less than 130 rpm; 
    2. 44 *n ^(-0.23) g/kWh when n is 130 or more but less than 2,000 rpm; 
    3. 7.7 g/kWh when n is 2,000 rpm or more. 

Tier III:

Paragraph 5.1: 

In an emission control area designated for Tier III NOX control under Paragraph 6 of this regulation (NOX Tier III emission control area), the operation of a marine diesel engine that is installed on a ship: 
  1. Is prohibited except when the emission of nitrogen oxides (calculated as the total weighted emission of NO2) from the engine is within the following limits, where n = rated engine speed (crankshaft revolutions per minute): 

    1. 3.4 g/kWh when n is less than 130 rpm; 
    2. 9 *n ^(-0.2) g/kWh when n is 130 or more but less than 2,000 rpm; 
    3. 2.0 g/kWh when n is 2,000 rpm or more. 
  2. When that ship is constructed on or after :

    1. 1 January 2016 and is operating in the North American Emission Control Area or the United States Caribbean Sea Emission Control Area; 
    2. 1 January 2021 and is operating in the Baltic Sea Emission Control Area or the North Sea Emission Control Area;  
  3. When that ship is operating in a NOX Tier III emission control area, other than an emission control area described in Paragraph 5.1.2 of this Regulation, and is constructed on or after the date of adoption of such an emission control area, or a later date as may be specified in the amendment designating the NOX Tier III emission control area, whichever is later. 

Paragraph 5.2: 

The standards outlined in Paragraph 5.1.1 of this regulation shall not apply to: 

  1. A Marine Diesel Engine installed on a ship with a length (L), of less than 24 metres when it has been specifically designed and is used solely, for recreational purposes; or 
  2. A Marine Diesel Engine installed on a ship with a combined nameplate diesel engine propulsion power of less than 750 kW if it is demonstrated, to the satisfaction of the Administration, that the ship cannot comply with the standards outlined in Paragraph 5.1.1 of this Regulation because of design or construction limitations of the ship; or 
  3. A Marine Diesel Engine installed on a ship constructed before 1 January 2021 of less than 500 gross tonnages, with a length (L), of 24 metres or over when it has been specifically designed and is used solely, for recreational purposes. 

Paragraph 5.3: 

The tier and on/off status of marine diesel engines installed onboard a ship to which Paragraph 5.1 of this Regulation applies which are certified to both Tier II and Tier III or which are certified to Tier II only shall be recorded in such logbook or electronic record book, as prescribed by the Administration at entry into and exit from a NOX Tier III emission control area, or when the on/off status changes within such an area, together with the date, time and position of the ship. 

Paragraph 5.4: 

Emissions of nitrogen oxides from a Marine Diesel Engine subject to Paragraph 5.1 of this regulation that occurs immediately following building and sea trials of a newly constructed ship, or before and following converting, repairing, and/or maintaining the ship, or maintenance or repair of a Tier II engine or a dual fuel engine when the ship is required to not have gas fuel or gas cargo on board due to safety requirements, for which activities take place in a shipyard or other repair facility located in a NOX Tier III emission control area are temporarily exempted provided the following conditions are met: 

  1. The engine meets the Tier II NOX limits; and 
  2. The ship sails directly to or from the shipyard or other repair facility do not load or unload cargo during the duration of the exemption, and follows any additional specific routing requirements indicated by the port State in which the shipyard or other repair facility is located, if applicable. 

Paragraph 5.5: 

The exemption described in Paragraph 5.4 of this Regulation applies only for the following period: 

  1. For a newly constructed ship, the period beginning at the time the ship is delivered from the shipyard, including sea trials, and ending at the time the ship directly exits the NOX Tier III emission control area(s) or, concerning a ship fitted with a dual-fuel engine, the ship directly exits the NOX Tier III emission control area(s) or proceeds to the nearest gas fuel bunkering facility appropriate to the ship located in the NOX Tier III emission control area(s); 
  2. For a ship with a Tier II engine undergoing conversion, maintenance or repair, the period beginning at the time the ship enters the NOX Tier III emission control area(s) and proceeds directly to the shipyard or other repair facility, and ending at the time the ship is released from the shipyard or other repair facility and directly exits the NOX Tier III emission control area (s) after performing sea trials, if applicable; or 
  3. For a ship with a dual fuel engine undergoing conversion, maintenance or repair, when the ship is required to not have gas fuel or gas cargo on board due to safety requirements, the period beginning at the time the ship enters the NOX Tier III emission control area(s) or when it is degassed in the NOX Tier III emission control area(s) and proceeds directly to the shipyard or other repair facility, and ending at the time when the ship is released from the shipyard or other repair facility and directly exits the NOX Tier III emission control area(s) or proceeds to the nearest gas fuel bunkering facility appropriate to the ship located in the NOX Tier III emission control area(s).

Emission Control Area: 

Paragraph 6: 

For the purposes of this Regulation, a NOX Tier III emission control area shall be any sea area, including any port area, designated by the Organization under the criteria and procedures outlined in this Annex. 

The NOX Tier III emission control areas are: 

  1. The North American Emission Control Area
  2. The United States Caribbean Sea Emission Control Area
  3. The Baltic Sea Emission Control Area
  4. The North Sea Emission Control Area

Marine Diesel Engine Installed on a Ship Constructed Before 1 January 2000:

Paragraph 7.1: 

Notwithstanding Paragraph 1.1.1 of this Regulation, a Marine Diesel Engine with a power output of more than 5,000 kW and a per cylinder displacement at or above 90 litres installed on a ship constructed on or after 1 January 1990 but before 1 January 2000 shall comply with the emission limits outlined in Paragraph 7.4 of this Regulation, provided that an approved method for that engine has been certified by an Administration of a Party and notification of such certification has been submitted to the Organization by the certifying Administration. Compliance with this paragraph shall be demonstrated through one of the following: 
  1. Installation of the certified approved method, as confirmed by a survey using the verification procedure specified in the approved method file, including appropriate notation on the ship’s International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate of the presence of the approved method; or 
  2. Certification of the engine confirmed that it operates within the limits outlined in Paragraphs 3, 4, or 5.1.1 of this Regulation and an appropriate notation of the engine certification on the ship’s International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate. 

Paragraph 7.2: 

Paragraph 7.1 of this Regulation shall apply no later than the first renewal survey that occurs 12 months or more after the deposit of the notification in Paragraph 7.1. If a shipowner of a ship on which an approved method is to be installed can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Administration that the approved method was not commercially available despite best efforts to obtain it, then that approved method shall be installed on the ship no later than the next annual survey of that ship which falls after the approved method is commercially available. 

Paragraph 7.3: 

Concerning a Marine Diesel Engine with a power output of more than 5,000 kW and a per cylinder displacement at or above 90 litres installed on a ship constructed on or after 1 January 1990, but before 1 January 2000, the International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate shall, for a Marine Diesel Engine to which Paragraph 7.1 of this regulation applies, indicate one of the following: 
    1. An approved method has been applied under Paragraph 7.1.1 of this regulation; 
    2. The engine has been certified under Paragraph 7.1.2 of this Regulation; 
    3. An approved method is not yet commercially available as described in Paragraph 7.2 of this Regulation; or 
    4. An approved method is not applicable. 

Paragraph 7.4: 

The operation of a Marine Diesel Engine described in Paragraph 7.1 of this Regulation is prohibited, except when the emission of nitrogen oxides (calculated as the total weighted emission of NO2) from the engine is within the following limits, where n = rated engine speed (crankshaft revolutions per minute): 
    1. 17.0 g/kWh when n is less than 130 rpm; 
    2. 45 * n^(-0.2) g/kWh when n is 130 or more but less than 2,000 rpm; and 
    3. 9.8 g/kWh when n is 2,000 rpm or more. 

Paragraph 7.5: 

Certification of an approved method shall be under Chapter 7 of the revised NOx Technical Code 2008 and shall include verification: 
    1. By the designer of the base Marine Diesel Engine to which the approved method applies that the calculated effect of the approved method will not decrease engine rating by more than 1.0%, increase fuel consumption by more than 2.0% as measured according to the appropriate test cycle outlined in the revised NOx Technical Code 2008, or adversely affect engine durability or reliability; and 
    2. The cost of the approved method is not excessive, which is determined by a comparison of the amount of NOx reduced by the approved method to achieve the standard outlined in Paragraph 7.4 and the cost of purchasing and installing such an approved method. 

Certification:

Paragraph 8: 

The revised NOx Technical Code 2008 shall be applied in the certification, testing, and measurement procedures for the standards outlined in this Regulation. 

Paragraph 9: 

  • The procedures for determining NOx emissions set out in the revised NOx Technical Code 2008 are intended to be representative of the normal operation of the engine. 

  • Defeat devices and irrational emission control strategies undermine this intention and shall not be allowed. 

  • This regulation shall not prevent the use of auxiliary control devices that are used to protect the engine and/or its ancillary equipment against operating conditions that could result in damage or failure or that are used to facilitate the starting of the engine. 

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Reference: IMO Publications & Documents - International Conventions - MARPOL - Annex VI 

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